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Tooth Grinding
Provided by A.D.A.M., Inc.
Bruxism (teeth grinding) occurs in about 15% of people. The teeth are ground
together or the jaw clenched tightly during sleep. Bruxism can be mild and
occasional or can be so frequent and/or violent that the teeth are damaged.
The cause in some cases is abnormal dental occlusion (the way the upper and
lower teeth fit together when the person shuts the mouth). More often, the
disorder is associated with anxiety, tension, and suppressed anger. Bruxism
is usually worse after intake of alcohol.
Symptoms
- teeth grinding, severe or very loud, that occurs during sleep
- jaw clenching
- jaw pain or earache (referred pain caused by violent jaw muscle contractions)
- abnormal alignment of teeth
- jaw muscle contractions
- anxiety, stress, and tension
- personality, suppressing anger
Signs and tests
Examination will rule out other disorders that may cause similar jaw pain
or ear pain, including ear disorders such as otitis media, temporomandibular
joint (TMJ) dysfunction, and dental disorders. Detailed history may reveal
abnormal stress or tension.
Treatment
The goal of treatment is to prevent permanent damage to the teeth and reduce
pain.
A night guard or protective dental appliance may be helpful if bruxism is
severe enough to cause damage to the teeth or pain to jaw muscles. Orthodontic
adjustment of the occlusion or bite pattern may be beneficial for some people.
Psychotherapy or counseling may help the afflicted person to express anger
and deal with anxiety or stress. Relaxation or stress management techniques
can be beneficial in reducing anxiety or stress.
Avoidance of alcohol use may be advised for some people.
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